基于点云的TBM隧道成型质量检测方法及应用

以硬岩隧道掘进机(TBM)隧道围岩为研究对象，应用三维激光扫描技术检测TBM隧道成型质量，提出了基于三维激光扫描技术的TBM隧道成型质量自动检测方法.将车载云台和二维激光扫描仪组成的三维扫描装置安装在TBM主梁上，车载云台带着二维扫描仪朝刀盘方向快速旋转90°，通过旋转编码器将扫描仪的二维点云实时转换成隧道的三维点云，对点云进行隧道轴线计算、滤波、截取等预处理，通过截面提取与三次分段Hermite插值曲线拟合的方法计算围岩的剥落与塌方.提出了隧道成型质量参数并依据其判断隧道成型质量，结合TBM隧道工程实例进行分析，验证TBM隧道成型质量检测方法的可行性.采用本方法可实现在TBM施工过程中隧道成型质量同步进行检测，形成数字化测量体系.

TBM Tunnel Shaping Quality Detection Method and Its Application Based on Point Cloud

Taking the surrounding rock of TBM tunnel as a research object， the 3D laser scanning technology is used to detect the shaping quality of TBM tunnel. An automatic detection method of TBM tunnel shaping quality was proposed based on the 3D laser scanning technology. The 3D scanning device composed of a Pan-Tilt and a 2D laser scanner is installed on the main beam of the TBM. The Pan-Tilt can quickly rotates 90° towards the cutter head with the 2D laser scanner， and can convert the 2D point cloud acquired by the scanner into a 3D point cloud in real time， then the computer performs preprocessing， such as tunnel axis calculation， filtering and interception on the point cloud， and calculates the flaking and collapse of the surrounding rock using section extraction and piecewise cubic Hermite interpolating polynomial. Parameters of the tunnel shaping quality can be given， thus the tunnel shaping quality can be accessed. The feasibility of the TBM tunnel shaping quality detection method was verified through an engineering example. By adopting this method， the tunnel shaping quality can be detected simultaneously during the TBM construction process， and a digital measurement system can be formed.