二种灌溉方式下磷在土壤中空间运移的研究

采用Surfer软件分析的方法,研究棉花膜下滴灌和膜下软管二种灌溉方式下磷在土壤中的分布特点以及棉花生长状况。结果表明,在土壤中下渗(0～30cm),膜下滴灌磷的浓度与膜下软管磷的浓度分别为25～30 mg/kg和22～26 mg/kg;膜下滴灌条件下磷在土壤中侧渗范围为0～10cm,磷的浓度为9～25mg/kg;膜下软管条件下磷在土壤中侧渗范围为0～20cm,磷的浓度为12～26mg/kg;棉花膜下滴灌平均单产(籽棉)比棉花膜下软管灌平均单产(籽棉)多127.5kg/666.7m2。膜下滴灌磷在土壤中分布集中,浓度相对较高,分布均匀,利于棉花根系的吸收,提高了磷的利用率;而膜下软管灌磷在土壤中分布分散,浓度较低,均匀性差,磷利用率较低。因此,棉花膜下滴灌磷的效果比棉花膜下软管磷的效果好,同时膜下滴灌磷通过随水施入土壤中可以满足棉花整个生育期需要。

Research on Spatial Variability of P Fertilizer in Soil with Different Water-saving Mode

The paper compared two kinds of irrigation in drop irrigation under plastic film and in soft pipe irrigation under plastic film. The relationship between the distributing characteristic of phosphor and cotton growth proceed is studied in surfer soft. The phosphor consistency varieties are 25 - 30mg/kg and 22 - 26mg/kg according to drop irrigation under plastic film and soft pipe irrigation under plastic film respectively among the upright soil section of 0 - 30cm. The phosphor consistency variety is 9 - 25mg/kg and phosphor element lateral pervasion range is 0 - 10cm in soil in drop irrigation under plastic film. However the phosphor consistency variety is 12 - 26mg/kg, and phosphor lateral pervasion range is 0 - 20cm in soil in the soft pipe irrigation under plastic film.There is more 127.5kg/666.7m^2 product of cotton in the drop irrigation under plastic film than in the soft pipe irrigation under plastic film. Thus, it is convenient for cotton roots to absorb phosphor element in drop irrigation under plastic film. In this way the phosphor element distributes uniform, high consistency and even pattern in soil. On the contrary, it is bad for cotton roots absorb to phosphor element in pipe irrigation under plastic film. In this way the phosphor element distributes separately low consistency and centre pattern in soil, so the effect is better in drop irrigation under plastic film than pipe irrigation under plastic film. The cotton demand for phosphor element can be fulfilled during growth period in drop irrigation under plastic film.