量子点的水相合成及其生物成像分析研究进展

半导体量子点具有宽的激发光谱、窄而对称的发射光谱、高的量子产率以及良好的光稳定性, 因而受到物理、化学、材料科学、生命科学等多个领域研究者的广泛关注. 与有机相合成法相比, 量子点的水相合成方法简单, 合成后不需要将量子点进行相转移, 是有机相合成的重要补充, 已经成为半导体量子点的重要合成方法之一. 本文介绍了量子点常用的一些水相合成方法, 如溶胶法、水热法、微波辅助法及微生物合成法. 在此基础上, 阐述了量子点在细胞成像分析及活体成像分析中的应用, 并对基于量子点的磁性荧光双功能纳米材料在成像分析中的应用及量子点生物毒理效应研究进行了简要的评述.

Progress of quantum dots by aqueous phase synthesis and their applications in analysis of biological imaging

Semiconductor quantum dots have received extensive attention by various fields, such as physics, chemistry, materials science and life sciences, because of their wide excitation spectra, narrow and symmetric emission spectra, high quantum yield and good photostability. Compared with the organic phase synthesis, the aqueous phase synthesis method of quantum dots is very simple, and does not need phase transfer, which may serve as an important complement to the organic phase synthesis. Up to now, the aqueous phase synthesis method has become one of the important synthetic methods for semiconductor quantum dots. This article describes some water-phase synthesis methods of quantum dots, such as sol-gel method, hydrothermal method, microwave-assisted method and microbial synthesis method. The applications of quantum dots in cellular and in vivo imaging analyses are also described. In addition, magnetic fluorescent bifunctional nanomaterials based on quantum dots, and bio-toxicological effects of quantum dots are briefly discussed.