醉翁榆(Ulmus gaussenii Cheng)的濒危特征与机制

对安徽特有濒危植物醉翁榆(Ulmus gaussenii)的地理分布、生境条件、种群数量动态、空间分布格局、种间关系、遗传变异等种群生态学特征及其濒危机制进行了综合分析.研究表明,现有醉翁榆种群均为高群集分布,景观破碎化程度加剧,年龄结构不合理,且已经演化为小种群,种群已处于相对不稳定阶段.自然生境的严重破坏对醉翁榆种群的生存构成严重威胁,是造成部分野生种群个体数量急剧减少的主要原因.醉翁榆生殖过程中胚胎败育可能是导致醉翁榆濒危的根本原因.所以应加强对醉翁榆遗传学和传粉生物学的研究,以期为醉翁榆以及其他近缘濒危植物保护提供理论指导.

The endangered characteristics and mechanism on the endemic arbor Ulmus gaussenii Cheng

In order to got some information on common regulations on the endangered ecological process and the biological characteristics of tendency to endangered status,the geographic distribution,the habitat conditions,the population dynamics of the endangered species Ulmus gaussenii Cheng were reviewed comprehensively.The analysis for predicting population dynamics,fractal theory for describing population distribution pattern,population growth of endangered plant populations was comprehensively explained.The distribution areas of the endangered Ulmus gaussenii belonged to the shape of strait area which all were contracting in Mt.Langya.The predicting model analysis of the Ulmus gaussenii population showed that the endangered population was in declining status and its spatial distribution patterns were a conglomeration.The inner factors,such as feeble living and reproductive ability that might led Ulmus gaussenii to be in an endangered status were vital reasons.The external factors,such as disturbance from humans played a role to promote the endangered ecological process.However,when disturbance from human of eco-environmental footprint was too strong,the external factors would become the vital reason for the Ulmus gaussenii to go extinct.According to the common biological characters of the endangered plants and their conservation on Ulmus gaussenii,the research on the conservation of the existence biological basis of the endangered relict plant such as Ulmus gaussenii should be strengthened.