基于生态位宽度模型的北京市区域优势功能演变分析

构建功能生态位宽度模型,将区县功能界定为农产品生产、旅游休闲、人居服务、文化教育、产业发展与生态服务;构建多功能评价指标体系,选择2005、2009、2013年3个时间点,对北京市16个区县的优势功能的演变进行分析.在此基础上将本文得出的北京市各区县优势功能与相关规划进行对比分析.结果表明:1)北京市单一优势功能区县的数量减少,2项优势功能和4项优势功能的区县数量增加,首都功能核心区的人居服务功能和产业发展功能逐渐外扩.2)首都功能核心区的优势功能以产业发展功能和旅游休闲功能为主;城市功能拓展区的优势功能集中于产业发展功能、文化教育功能和人居服务功能;城市发展新区的优势功能包括农产品生产功能和人居服务功能;生态涵养发展区的优势功能主要是农产品生产功能和生态服务功能.3)生态涵养发展区的优势功能与其功能定位及发展方向基本一致;城市发展新区的优势功能(农产品生产功能)与其发展方向尚有偏差,需要进一步加强非农产业功能的发展;首都功能核心区和城市功能拓展区的产业发展优势功能与首都功能定位不太一致,应是北京非首都功能疏解的主要对象.4)既有规划的功能定位和实施管理对各区县的优势功能形成具有重要作用,为促进各区县优势功能的调整与优化,引导非首都功能有序疏解,需要做好相关规划,同时加强规划实施管理.

Analysis of regional advantage function evolution of Beijing based on niche breadth model

A multifunction niche breadth model is constructed.District and country functions are defined as follows:agricultural production function,tourism and leisure function,residential services function,cultural and educational function,industrial development function and ecological services function,to build a multifunction evaluation index.Three time points in 2005,2009 and 2013 are selected.Evolution of advantage functions are analyzed in 16 distinctions and counties in Beijing,the advantage functional positions are compared with related policies and regulations.The number of districts and counties with a single advantage function has been found to be reduced,and two advantage functions and four advantage functions increased.Residential services function and industrial development function of functional core area of the capital showed gradual outward expansion.Functional core area of the capital advantages occured mainly with industrial development and tourism and leisure functions.Functional advantages of urban functional development zone were found to be concentrated in industrial development,cultural and educational,and habitat service functions.Functional advantages of urban development new district included agricultural production and habitat services functions.Functional advantages of ecological conservation development zone included agricultural production and ecological service functions.Functional advantages of ecological conservation development zone were found to be consistent with functional planning and development directions.Functional advantages of urban development new district deviated from development directions,functional advantages of functional core area and urban functional development zone were inconsistent with capital functions.Existing planning had an important role in the formation of dominant function,in order to promote adjustment and optimization of dominant function.Good planning,and strengthened planning implementation management are needed at the same time.