解读《义务教育法》教育均衡的规定——结构、重点与实现方式

教育均衡是义务教育法修订的一大亮点。通过教育均衡规定的解读，指出：教育均衡的结构为地区均衡、校际均衡、班级均衡、师资均衡和经费均衡；教育均衡的实施重点是地区均衡，即东、中、西部地区的均衡，省域的均衡，以及城乡的均衡，而非目前占主导地位观点主张的区域内（即市、县、区）均衡，更不是学校层面上教育资源的均衡；教育均衡的实现方式为：首先在教育资源的增量投入中实现教育的均衡，其次在教育资源存量调整中推进教育的均衡。前一种方式为教育均衡实现的主要方式，后一种方式为辅助方式。

Explanation of the regulation of the educational equilibriums of the Obligatory Education Law——Structure, emphasis and fulfilling manner

The educational equilibriums are a characteristic of the revision of the Obligatory Education Law. By explaining the regulation of the educational equilibriums, this paper points out that the structures of the educational equilibriums are the equilibriums of areas, schools, classes, teachers and outlays. The emphasis of the educational equilibriums is the equilibriums of areas, rather than the equilibriums of counties and schools. The manner of the educational equilibriums is that the educational equilibriums are carried out by inputting and adjusting resources.