基于实测数据的机载波谱仪斑点噪声估算方法

针对斑点噪声和雷达响应函数影响波谱仪测浪结果的问题，基于机载波谱仪挂飞试验的实测数据，提出了一种斑点噪声估算方法.该方法采用最小二乘拟合高斯函数参数，估算斑点噪声和雷达响应函数.利用估算结果对海浪调制谱进行修正，分析斑点噪声和雷达响应函数对测浪结果的影响.结果表明，斑点噪声修正使有效波高值平均减小12%；雷达响应函数修正将使有效波高值平均减小2.9%，证明了斑点噪声修正对于估算波浪谱相关物理量的必要性和本文提出估算方法的有效性. 

An Estimation Method for Speckle Noise of Airborne Wave Spectrometer Based on Test Data

In order to solve the problem that the measuring ocean waves results of ocean wave spectrometer were effected by speckle noise and radar response function,an estimation method for speckle noise was proposed based on the test data obtained from ocean wave spectrometer in flight experiments. The parameters of the Gaussian function were estimated by using least square fitting algorithm to the experimental values of speckle noise and radar response function. Then the wave modulation spectrum was corrected, and effects of speckle noise and radar response function on measuring ocean wave results were given. The results show that, when applying the speckle noise correction, the mean significant wave height is decreased by 12%; and there would be a 2.9% underestimate of the mean significant wave height, if the radar response correction are not taken into account. Then it is proved that the speckle noise correction is essential if one wishes to estimate the physical quantities associated to the wave spectra, and the estimation method is effective.