生物阴极微生物燃料电池预处理酸性重金属矿井废水

采用以污泥+葡萄糖为有机底物,硫酸根离子为电子受体、碳毡吸附固定化硫酸盐还原菌为生物阴极、碳布为阳极的双室微生物燃料电池,处理模拟酸性重金属矿井废水.构建不同的外接电阻(分别为100Ω、1000Ω)MFC系统和开路常规生化处理对比,废水初始pH=4,Zn2+、Cu2+、Cd2+、Pb2+、总Fe初始质量浓度均为20mg/L.结果表明,MFC外接电阻100Ω时,对Zn2+、Cu2+、Cd2+、Pb2+、总Fe的去除率分别达到99.45%、99.68%、99.65%、98.34%、98.99%;COD、SO2-4的最大降解速率分别为83.4和23.9mg·L-1·d-1,比开路常规生化处理分别提高了15%和181%;同时pH有效提升至中性.表明了微生物燃料电池的对于传统生物法处理酸性矿井废水有预调节作用.

Treatment of artificial acid mine drainage by a microbial fuel cell

Two-chamber microbial fuel cell （MFC） with carbon felt adsorption immobilized SRB as biological cathode,carbon cloth as the anode was used to treat the metal-rich acid mine drainage （AMD） using the sludge and glucose for the substrate and sulfate for the electron acceptor. Different external resistances （100Ω,1000Ω and open circuit） of MFC were built to compare with open circuit conventional biochemical treatment. At the initial pH of 4 and initial concentration of Zn^2＋ ,Cu^2＋ ,Cd^2＋ ,Pb^2＋ ,total Fe were 20 mg/L,MFC with the external of 100 Ω and 1000 Ω successfully started up and achieved the maximum power densities, 10.3mWom^2- and 7.9 mWom^2- respectively. The current increased with the decreasing external resistance and the removal efficiencies of COD, SO4^2- and heavy metal ions were slightly increasing. In MFC with the external resistance of 100 Ω,the removal efficiencies of COD and SO4^2- were 58.3% and 35.1% respectively and over 98% heavy metal ions was removed and the solution was neutral. In MFC with the external of 100Ω,the removal efficiencies of Zn^2＋ ,Cu^2＋ ,Cd^2＋ ,Pb^2＋ and total Fe were 99.45% ,99.68%,99.65%,98.34%,98.99% respectively and the maximum removal rates of COD and SO4^2- reached 83.4 and 23.9· mg · L^-1· d^-1 respectively , increasing by 15% and 181% than that in open circuit conventional biochemical treatment, which indicated that MFC could strengthen conventional biological pro-treatment of AMD.