南方草地农业潜力及其食物安全意义

讨论了南方地区草地农业的主要类型,并结合粮食安全问题分析了南方草地农业的发展潜力。分析表明,南方地区水热条件优越、土地类型多样,具有发展多种草地农业系统的巨大潜力。其中典型的南方草地农业系统包括山地温带多年生人工草地、冬闲田黑麦草、冷季和暖季相结合的一年生饲草系统,以及林草复合系统。随着经济的快速发展,直接口粮消费不断下降,而动物源食物消费不断增长,这就为草地农业发展带来良好机遇。简单推算表明,南方发展草地农业、实行以草代粮是可行的,而且潜力巨大。

Potential of Grassland Agriculture in Southern China and Its Significance to Food Security

Discussed in this article are major types of grassland agricultural systems in southern China and their potential productivities in the context of food security. The analysis indicates that southern China, with a favorable climate and diverse land forms, is of great potentiality for grassland agriculture development. Typical types of grassland agriculture in the region include cultivated perennial pastures on temperate uplands, annual ryegrass on winter-fallow paddyfields, integrated warm-cool season annual forage crops, and silvipastoral systems. With rapid economic growth, there has been a decrease in per capita consumption of food grain, but an increase in per capita consumption of meats, which offers a good opportunity for developing grassland agriculture. A simple calculation indicates that the forage production may substitute the grain production in some extent with respect to food consumption demands.