实验室废水的絮凝-活性炭吸附处理

通过对处理前后废水中重金属、硫化物、挥发酚、苯胺等污染物测定,研究了两级絮凝-活性炭吸附法对实验室废水的处理效果。结果显示:硫酸亚铁(FeSO4·7H2O)与聚合氯化铝(PAC)结合的二级絮凝方法能有效地降低污水中的重金属和硫化物等其他污染物,二级使用聚合氯化铝(PAC)对一级絮凝中去除效果不好的Cr6 的去除效果显著,去除率达到90%。而活性炭对挥发酚、硫化物和银的去除效果最佳,去除率分别达到98%,70%和95.4%,全部达到国家要求的排放标准,改善了污水的浊度,并有效地降低了色度。在絮凝温度、搅拌、曝气及污水pH值调节范围一定的情况下,各种污染物的去除效果理想,多种污染物的去除率都在90%以上。实验表明:两级絮凝-活性炭法处理实验室废水效果显著,可有效地去除水中的有毒有害物质,降低实验室废水对环境的危害,是快速、低成本、工艺简单的处理实验室废水的有效途径。

Treatment of Laboratory Wastewater with Flocculating and Adsorbing of Activated Carbon

A two-stage coagulation and adsorption process with charcoal absorbent was used to process laboratory wastewater, where heavy metal, sulfide, volatile phenols, aniline and degree of turbidity were analyzed. The results show that the two-stage coagulation by using copperas and PAC as flocculants to treat the wastewater can effectively reduce the content of heavy metal and sulfide. When PAC was used as the flocculant at the second stage of coagulation, the clearance of Cr6 was better than that at the first stage of coagulation, reaching up to 90%. Moreover, the charcoal absorbent wiped off the volatile pHenols, sulfide and silver best, with clearance being 98%, 70% and 95.4%, respectively. All of the pollutants' concentrations can meet the national standard, and the turbidity of the sewage and the chroma are improved effectively. With the temperature, stir, aeration and pH in an adjusted range, the clearance of all contaminations can reach a value above 90%. Therefore the method of two-stage coagulation and adsorption of activated carbon is effective in processing laboratory wastewater, removing poisonous and deleterious matter from wastewater, and reducing the harm of the laboratory wastewater to the environment, with rapidity, low-cost and easiness.