锌(Ⅱ)-铜(Ⅰ)双金属协同催化乙炔二聚反应的催化活性研究

乙炔二聚制备乙烯基乙炔是乙炔法生产氯丁橡胶过程中关键反应。本文以氯化亚铜为主催化剂,氯化锌为氯化亚铜的助催化剂,氯化铵为助溶剂,水为溶剂,并且添加一定量的盐酸提供酸性环境,形成锌(Ⅱ)-铜(Ⅰ)双金属催化剂作用于乙炔二聚反应,以解决在该反应中乙炔转化率低、目标产物乙烯基乙炔选择性差等问题;对影响该反应的可能因素,如氯化锌用量、氯化亚铜用量、反应温度以及乙炔空速等条件进行优化,实验结果表明:锌(Ⅱ)-铜(Ⅰ)双金属催化剂能有效的改善乙炔二聚反应,在最佳反应条件下乙烯基乙炔的选择性为91.1%,乙炔的转化率为11.3%。

Study on Catalytic Activity of Zinc （II）-Copper （I） Collaborative Bimetallic Catalysis in Acetylene Dimerization Reaction

Acetylene dimerization reaction is the key-step in the acetylene-based processes for chloroprene rubber production.In this article,CuCl was used as the main catalyst,ZnCl2 as the assistant catalyst of CuCl,NH4Cl as the solubilizer,water as the solvent and a certain amount of hydrochloride acid to provide the acid environment,thereby forming Zn （II）-Cu （I） collaborative bimetallic catalysis for acetylene dimerization,which aim to solve the problem of the lower acetylene conversion and lower MVA selectivity in acetylene dimerization.After optimization of the experimental factors including the amount of zinc chloride, the mass percentage of copper chloride,the reaction temperature and the C2H2 space velocity,the experimental results show that the bimetallic catalysis can highly improve the acetylene dimerization reaction.Under the optimum conditions,MVA selectivity can reach to 91.1% and the acetylene conversion is 11.3%.