| ^210Pbex depth distribution in soil and calibration models for assessment of soil erosion rates from ^210Pbex measurements |
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| 作者姓名： | ZHANG Xinbao D. E. Walling FENG Mingyi & WEN Anbang . Chengdu Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences |
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| 作者单位： | ZHANG Xinbao1，2，D. E. Walling3，FENG Mingyi1 & WEN Anbang1 1. Chengdu Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment，Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)，Chengdu 610041，China; 2. State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology，Institute of Earth Environment，CAS，Xian 710075，China; 3. Department of Geography and Archaeology，Exeter University，Exeter，UK，EX44RJ Correspondece should be addressed to Zhang Xinbao (e-mail: Zxbao @imde.ac.cn) |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金，中国科学院资助项目，中国科学院知识创新工程项目，国际原子能机构资助项目 |
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| 摘 要： | Throughout the past decade, the potential for using nuclear weapon-produced 137Cs ( half-life 30.2 a) fallout to quantify soil erosion rates on both cultivated and uncul- tivated lands for medium-term timescales (≈ 40 a) has been successfully demonstrated in a wide range of envi- ronments in different regions of the world1—6]. Because in difficulties of distinguishing Chernobyl-derived compo- nent from total 137Cs input in many parts of Europe, and in measuring low activity samples of…
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| 关 键 词： | ^210Pbex 铅 土壤侵蚀 铯 铀 |
| 收稿时间： | 2002-09-17 |
| 修稿时间： | 2002-12-04 |
210Pbex depth distribution in soil and calibration models for assessment of soil erosion rates from210Pbex measurements |
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| ZHANG Xinbao,,D. E. Walling,FENG Mingyi & WEN Anbang . Chengdu Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences.^210Pbex depth distribution in soil and calibration models for assessment of soil erosion rates from ^210Pbex measurements[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2003,48(8):813-818. |
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| Authors: | Zhang Xinbao Walling D E Feng Mingyi Wen Anbang |
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| Institution: | ZHANG Xinbao1,2, D. E. Walling3, FENG Mingyi1 & WEN Anbang1 1. Chengdu Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Chengdu 610041, China; 2. State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, CAS, Xian 710075, China; 3. Department of Geography and Archaeology, Exeter University, Exeter, UK, EX44RJ |
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| Abstract: | Three soil cores collected from China and UK show the 210Pbex and 137Cs depth distribution on uncultivated and cultivated land. Depth distributions of the two nuclides are very similar. Those nuclide concentrations are higher in the top horizon and decrease exponentially with depth on uncultivated land while the concentrations are almost uniform throughout the plough layer as a result of mixing associated with cultivation on cultivated land. 210Pbex reference inventory in the Loess Plateau is 573 mBq@cm2, a little higher than 520.0 mBq@cm2 in UK. Distribution of artificial fallout 137Cs, produced during the nuclear testing period of the late 1950s and 1960s, is in an unsteady state. In contrast, distribution of natural fallout 210Pbex is in a steady state under constant conditions of land environment and erosion processes for a long term, e.g. >100 years. Therefore, mass balances of 137Cs and 210Pbex in soil are different. According to its processes of continues deposition from the atmosphere, nature decay and losses with soil losses, 210Pbex steady state mass balance models for cultivated land as well as for uncultivated land are developed to estimate soil erosion rates in this paper. Besides, the proportion of freshly deposited 210Pbex fallout removed by erosion on cultivated land can also be calculated from 210Pbex depth distribution at a reference site of uneroded permanent grass land. |
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| Keywords: | Pbex steady state soil erosion |
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