兽药添加剂喹乙醇对水生生物的毒理学研究

兽药添加剂喹乙醇是一种在畜禽及水产养殖中应用广泛的促生长剂 ,但其安全性仍存在较大争议 ,使用不当或过量使用会对环境构成潜在危害 .采用斑马鱼和鲤鱼作为生物材料 ,分别研究了兽药添加剂喹乙醇对斑马鱼的急性毒性、对斑马鱼胚胎发育的影响及对鲤鱼肾细胞DNA的损伤 .急性毒性试验表明 ,96hrLC50 为 1 996.87mg/L ;胚胎发育试验实验结果表明 ,96hrEC50 为2 2 1 .2 0mg/L ;单细胞凝胶电泳试验结果表明 ,喹乙醇能引起较大的DNA损伤 ,与空白对照相比有极显著性差异 (P <0 .0 1) ,并在设定的剂量范围内呈现一定的剂量效应关系

Toxicological Studies of the Veterinary Additive Olaquindox on Aquatic Species

Olaquindox is an antimicrobial veterinary additive with a long history of use as a growth promoter in stock raising. Although this drug has been widely used for its low price and convenient usage, olaquindox is actually still under evaluation because of the uncertainty regarding the mechanism involved in the slight increase in the incidence of adrenal cortical adenomas in male mice and the genotoxic potential of olaquindox. In this study, the zebrafish (Danio rerio) acute toxicity test, the zebrafish embryo test and the single cell gel electrophoresis test (SCGE, comet assay) of crucian (Cyprinus carpio) kidney cells in vivo were conducted to evaluate the toxicological effects of olaquindox on typical aquatic species. The result of the acute toxicity test showed that the 96 hrLC_(50) of olaquindox was 1 996.87 mg/L and the toxicity of olaquindox was very low according to the national aquatic spieces test manual. The result of the embryo test showed that the 96 hrEC_(50) of olaquindox was 221.20 mg/L and some of the tested embryos appeared to be badly affected by olaquindox, especially at high doses of exposure. The results of the SCGE showed that olaquindox could induce DNA damage in crurian kidney cells and might have a potential genotoxicity. The damage caused by olaquindox was obviously great and the diference was extremely significant, compared with those of control (P<0.01). The results of this study indicated that the use of olaquindox as a veterinary drug should be carefully restricted to ensure the safety of food and the well_being of mankind.