大尺寸工程模型试验中的相似材料配比试验研究

大型物理模型试验是研究复杂工程问题的重要方法，如何快速、准确地确定相似材料配比是试验中至关重要的一环.为降低试验成本、简化试验步骤、充分调用原料性能，采用河砂、水泥和石膏这三种最普通的原料，以骨胶比(河砂与水泥石膏的质量比)和水膏比(水泥与石膏的质量比)为变量，进行了45组对比试验，对相似材料的物理及动、静力学参数进行了研究.获得了以河砂、水泥和石膏为原料配制的相似材料各物理量的变化区间；探讨了骨胶比和水膏比对相似材料各物理量的控制作用，并对比了其敏感性；基于多元线性回归分析建立了各因素与物理量间的定量关系，得到的拟合公式能较好地描述相似材料的性质.

Experimental Study on Similar Materials Ratio Used in Large-Scale Engineering Model Test

Large-scale physical model test is an important method to study complex engineering problems， in which the similar material proportion selection is a crucial part. In order to reduce the test cost， simplify the test procedures， and fully utilize the properties of raw materials， the river sand， cement and gypsum was adopted as the raw materials， and 45 groups of comparative tests with bone-glue ratio and water-cement ratio was conducted as variables. The physical， dynamic and static dynamics parameters of similar materials were studied， and the main conclusions were as follows: the variation ranges of physical quantities of similar materials made from river sand， cement and gypsum are obtained; the effects of bone-glue ratio and water-cement ratio on the physical quantities of similar materials are discussed and the sensitivities are compared. The quantitative relationship between each factor and physical quantity is established based on multiple linear regressions analysis and the fitting formula can describe the properties of similar materials well.