硫酸处理对伊利石和蒙脱石结构和形貌的影响

由于伊利石和蒙脱石结构四面体中Al³⁺代Si⁴⁺的数量不一样，所以层电荷数不同，酸处理过程结构的破坏程度也不同.本文以浙江安吉膨润土和吉林安图伊利石为原料，用硫酸和过氧化氢溶液对两种原料进行酸处理对比实验研究.我们对原料和酸处理样品的物相、结构、热学属性、谱学特性及微观形貌进行了表征分析.结果表明，蒙脱石样品在酸处理浓度2 mol/L时其结构被破坏，随着酸处理浓度的升高，片层表面由光滑平整变成边缘卷曲至层间坍塌；而伊利石样品在酸处理浓度6 mol/L时其结构和形貌基本完好；蒙脱石的耐酸蚀性能不如伊利石.本文的研究结果对伊利石和蒙脱石的应用开发具有一定的意义.

Influence of sulfuric acid treatment on the structure and morphology of illite and montmorillonite

In the structures of the illite and montmorillonite, because the amount of Al3+ replacing Si4+ in the tetrahedrons is different, the number of layer charge is different, and the degrees of damage to the structure during acid treatment are also different. In this work, two raw materials, Zhejiang Anji bentonite and Jilin Antu illite, were respectively acid treated with sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide for comparative experimental study. The phases, structures, thermal properties, spectroscopic properties and microscopic morphologies of the raw were characterized and analyzed. The results show that the montmorillonite structure of the montmorillonite sample is destroyed when the acid treatment concentration is 2 mol/L. With the increase of the acid treatment concentration, the surface of the lamellae changes from smooth and flat to edge curling to collapse between layers; The structure and morphology of illite of the sample are basically intact when the acid treatment concentration is 6 mol/L, and the acid corrosion resistance of montmorillonite is not as good as that of illite. The results in this study are of significance to the application and development of illite and montmorillonite.