秸秆纤维的催化液化及其产物的初步研究

对植物秸秆纤维在浓硫酸／苯酚为催化剂、乙二醇为反应介质的液化反应进行了研究，对其各反应物的甩量比例、反应条件进行优化．并且对最优条件下的液化产物进行了初步的组分测定,实验结果表明，植物秸秆在浓硫酸／苯酚(浓硫酸占所加物质总量的质量分数为6％)混合催化体系中，当温度为160℃，时间为70min时的液化效果最好．经凝胶色谱法测定表明，以浓硫酸／苯酚为催化剂、乙二醇为反应介质的反应体系，所得到产物的平均相对分子质量最低，Mw为806，Mn为799．经红外光谱(IR)检测结果表明，液化产物的游离羟基明显增多，其它游离端基也是明显增加，这说明液化反应破坏了植物秸杆纤维的晶格结构，而且部分水解了糖苷键．

The Study On Thermochemical Liquefaction of Plant Cellulose and the Liquefaction Products

The liquefaction of plant cellulose was studied.Plant cellulose and other chemicals were put into the reaction container and liquefied.The effects of catalysts,solvents,reaction time and temperature on the liquefaction were investigated.The molecular weight distributions of liquefaction products were determined by GPC.In most cases,low residue content cannot be achieved by single catalyst.However,the binary catalysts system favors low residue content.It was found that the residue contents were remained at a low level with ethylene glycol as the reaction media and 6 % (by mass) of sulfuric acid as the catalyst in the presence of phenol.The contents of lipophilic products were investigated.The minimum residue content was found to be 8.8 % and the M_W and M_n of liquefaction products were 806 and 799 respectively.As a result,lipophilic products have the highest yield when the reaction time was 70 min.The identification of IR spectrometry showed that there were more dissociated hydroxy (HO-) and end-group in the liquefaction products than in the plant cellulose.As a result,the crystal structure was destroyed in the thermochemical liquefaction.