激光切割工艺参数对切割樟子松切缝效率的影响

激光加工在木材加工中的应用越来越广泛,具有传统机械加工不可比拟的优势。影响激光切割木材效率的因素主要有切割机参数和工件的性质,由于木材的性质很复杂,并且激光切割时的镜头高、功率、切割速度等参数具有交互作用,造成三因素同时作用的显著性不明显,使激光切割木材的效率不易控制。为获得更理想的切割效率,对激光切割木材的工艺参数进行了试验研究。为了减少各种因素交互作用的影响,细化加工参数,分析镜头高和功率二因素对切割缝深的影响程度,以樟子松为例,采用二因素完全随机重复试验方法,在切割速度一定的条件下(v=100 mm/s),确定镜头高和功率对缝深的影响。通过方差分析以及多重比较分析,确定合理的参数为功率41.6 W、镜头高6 mm,或者功率65 W、镜头高6.5 mm。在此条件下可得最大切割缝深为4.5～6 mm。

Effects of parameters of laser cutting on the cutting seam efficiency of Pinus sylvestris wood

With the incomparable advantages to traditional machining, laser processing is more and more widely used in wood processing industry. The factors affecting the efficiency of laser cutting wood mainly include the parameters of laser cutting machine and the properties of the workpiece. However, because the nature of the wood is very complex. Lens height, laser power and cutting speed and other parameters of laser cutting have interaction effect, the significance of single factor is not very obvious, and the efficiency of laser cutting wood is not easy to control. In this paper, the process parameters of laser cutting wood were experimentally studied to obtain better cutting efficiency. In order to reduce the influence of the interaction of various factors, and to optimize the processing parameters, we focused on the impact of lens height and laser power factors on the cutting seam depth. In the case of Pinus sylvestris wood, we used two factors completely randomized and other repeated test methods. We determined the influence and its degree of lens height and laser power on seam depth, under the condition of constant speed(v=100 mm/s). By variance analysis and multiple comparison analysis of the test data, the influence curve graph was drawn. The results showed the optimal parameters are laser power 41.6 W, lens height 6 mm; or laser power 65 W, lens height 6.5 mm; cutting depth can reach 4.5-6 mm.