天然纤维/聚合物复合材料的研究进展

从传统均相结构、共挤出型芯-表结构的天然纤维/聚合物复合材料、纳米纤维素及微(纳)米纤维/聚合物复合材料3个方面综述了国内外利用天然纤维增强聚合物复合材料的研究现状。芯-表结构的天然纤维/聚合物复合材料(NFPC)作为新型的绿色环保型材料已成为研究热点。使用芯-表结构可以显著改善复合材料的综合性能,大大提高复合材料的使用率,并使其在原料使用和材料性能与功能上更符合循环经济和绿色环保的原则。芯-表结构NFPC的芯层与表层间的界面性能是影响芯-表结构NFPC整体性能的主要因素。在此基础上,笔者从农作物纤维/聚合物复合材料的高值化应用的角度,分析了天然纤维/聚合物复合材料研究方向和应用方面存在的主要问题及解决思路。

Research status and prospect of nature fiber reinforced polymer composites

As a new-generation green composite, nature fibers/ polymer composites(NFPC), mading of thermoplastics filled with nature agriculture fibers and other additives, has been recently developed and used to enhance performance characteristics of composites. In this paper, typical NFPC,core-shell structure NFPC(co-extrusion)and cellulose nanofibers(CNFs)and its filled composites have been systematically reviewed. The shell layer, mading of thermoplastics unfilled or filled with minerals or nature fibers and other additives, plays a critical role in enhancing overall composite properties. A fundamental understanding of the interactions between shell and core layers with different structural and material combinations is, however, needed to achieve desired product performance. The results of this paper can help to provide a fundamental base for developing new functional applications of NFPC.