游侠、豪侠、官侠--中国古代文学侠特征的异变及原因

中国古代文学中的侠以<史记>中的游侠、唐传奇中的豪侠、清侠义公案小说中的官侠最具代表性.由于时代特点、文化背景、创作心理等方面的影响,侠客特征出现了异变他们生存的环境从江湖转换到了庙堂;他们的追求由不求闻达到注重侠义建功;他们的精神内质从江湖意气转变为恋主情结.本文从创作主体、社会环境、民众心理三个方面剖析了侠特征出现异变的原因.

From Paradins, Gallants to Official Knights--Variations of knights' characteristics in Chinese classical literature and their causes

Paradins of the Historical Records, gallants of the legends of Tang Dynasty, and official knights of the chivalrous novels of legal cases of Qing Dynasty are the typical representatives of the knights in Chinese classical literature. Under the influences of the characters of the times, cultural background, creation feelings, etc. , the characteristics of the knights had varied greatly. Their living conditions changed from the rivers and lakes to temples; their pursuit changed from not winning fames and reputations to laying stress on chivalrous acts and conducts; their inner mental qualities changed from chivalrous temperament to being-loyal-to-master complex. This paper has analyzed the causes of variations of knights' characteristics from the aspects of creation subjects, social environment, and feelings of the masses.