试论唐代宫廷宴饮风俗及其影响

唐代宫廷通过征收赋税、内官进奉、外官进奉和外蕃进奉等手段使得国库丰盈，这样唐代宫廷就有余财频繁地举行宴饮活动。唐代宫廷宴饮的主要类型有节日宴会、皇帝游宴、皇家醣宴、庆功宴、朝会及伴随祭祀活动而举行的宴会、宫廷内宴、皇帝为任命的外官饯行宴、皇帝迎接外蕃的宴会。唐代宫廷宴饮中主要的佐乐活动有行酒令、乐舞表演、百戏游艺节目表演等，这些活动一方面有效地调节宫廷宴饮气氛，另一方面也使得唐代宫廷宴饮风俗具有更丰富的文化内涵。唐代宫廷宴饮风俗作为一种上层丈化，为唐代社会各阶层所效仿，同时这种风俗也被五代直接继承。

On the Customs and Impacts of the Palace Banquet in the Tang Dynasty

The Tang Dynasty collects sufficient wealth from four paths： farm tax; internal officials＇ and external officials＇ imperial tribute and the foreign country＇s imperial tribute. So the Tang Dynasty palace has surplus wealth to hold feasts. The main types of the Tang Dynasty palace feasts are holiday banquets, emperor parade banquets, emperor granted banquets, banquets that were held when the emperor and ministers were together at the palace meeting and sacrificial offering meetings, family member banquets in the palace, banquets held when the emperor was giving a farewell dinner to the royal government officials, banquets held when the emperor was greeting the foreigners. The main assistant activities in the Tang Dynasty palace feasts were wine games, music performances and dances, acrobatics and so on. These activities, on the one hand, have effectively improved the atmosphere of the palace feasts, and on the other hand, have enriched the cultural connotations of the Tang Dynasty palace feasts custom. The Tang Dynasty palace feast custom, as a kind of upper formation culture, was imitated by various social strata in the Tang Dynasty. At the same time, this kind of custom was directly inherited by the Five Dynasties.