基于区域共生的古镇( 村) 旅游驱动模式探讨— —以重庆16个国家级历史文化名镇为例

针对古镇旅游资源自身存在的局限性﹐运用区域共生思想﹐探讨古镇旅游如何通过与区域关联要素的协同发展以突破困扰其发展的瓶颈。按照古镇与城市的空间关系把古镇划分为城区型、近郊型和偏远乡村型3种类型﹐进而根据各类型古镇旅游发展的现实条件及驱动力等方面的差异﹐提炼出3种基于区域共生的古镇旅游发展驱动模式﹐即城市居民游憩需求驱动下的"古镇—城市"共生模式、旅游热点(线)带动下的"古镇(村)—景区"共生模式和旅游良性竞合下的"古镇(村)—古镇(村)"共生模式,然后探究各类型古镇与区域的共生特征、旅游发展动力机制和驱动策略。以重庆16个国家级历史文化名镇为例﹐通过区域特征、区域格局分析,分成重庆"一小时经济圈"、渝东北、渝东南等3种空间类型,从区域共生视角分别深入探讨了各类古镇旅游驱动发展对策。研究表明﹐古镇旅游要突破自身局限性﹐必须根据区域内城市发展水平、旅游资源品位及与其它古镇关系等关联条件﹐选择适宜的依附式和差异性发展方式﹐促使其有机地融入区域旅游发展的大格局之中﹐寻求古镇与城市、知名景区、其它古镇之间的联动互促,以谋求借势发展和区域旅游格局的整体优化。

Research on Driven Model of Ancient Town Tourism Based on the Region Symbiosis: A Case Study of Sixteen National Historical and Cultural Towns in Chongqing

In accordance with the limitation of tourism resources in ancient town,to break through the bottleneck of development,this paper discusses the collaborative development way between ancient town tourism and associated regional factors through utilizing regional symbiotic thought.First of all,according to the space relation of ancient town and city,the ancient town is divided into city type,suburban type and remote village type.Secondly,according to the differences of realistic conditions and driving force of ancient town tourism development,three kinds of driven model of ancient town tourism are based on regional symbiosis,which includes town-city symbiotic mode driven by urban residents recreation demand,town-scenic spot symbiotic mode driven by rapid development of scenic spot,town-town symbiotic mode driven by benign competition and cooperation.And then the symbiotic characteristics,dynamic mechanism and drive strategy between various types of ancient town and region,are explored.Finally,sixteen national historical and cultural name towns which are divided into an hour economic circle,Chongqing northeast and Chongqing southeast,for example,have carried on the analysis of regional characteristics,pattern and driving countermeasures from regional symbiotic viewing angle.Research shows that,the ancient town tourism should break through own limitations,according to regional background conditions about development level of regional city,grade of tourism resources,and relationship between town,choose appropriate different ways of attachment type development.Thus the ancient town tourism could gradually blend in the big development pattern of regional tourism and make rapid development through taking advantage of different development combination which includes ancient town and city,ancient town and famous scenic spot,ancient town etc.