应用不同阻力系数对功率车无氧功测试的影响

目的：探讨使用不同阻力系数的预设负荷对自行车运动员15sec和30sec无氧功测试结果的影响。方法：选择上海自行车队优秀男子运动员9名，分别采用运动员体重的9％、10％和11％作为预设负荷进行15sec和30sec无氧功测试，选取功率、频率指标进行分析。结果：（1）在15sec无氧功测试中，使用体重10％预设负荷的最大功率和平均功率均为最高，其中最大功率与使用11％相比差异显著（P〈0．05）；（2）在30sec无氧功测试中，使用体重11％预设负荷测试的平均功率与10％和9％相比分别高1．81％和12．66％，后者具有非常显著性差异（P〈0．01）。从三个10sec分段的平均功率来看，11％的分段平均功率最高，特别是后两个10sec具有非常显著性差异（P〈0．01）。结论：（1）在15sec无氧功测试中，10％是运动员充分发挥磷酸原代谢供能能力的适宜阻力系数；（2）在30sec无氧功测试中，11％是运动员充分发挥糖酵解代谢供能能力的适宜阻力系数。

Effects of the Different Resistance Ratio on the Anaerobic Power Test

This paper discusses the effects of the different resistance ratio on 15sec and 30sec anaerobic power test results of elite cyclists. Nine elite male sprint cyclists of Shanghai cycling team performed 15sec and 30see anaerobic power tests with the workload of 9%, 10% and 11% every rider＇s bodyweight respectively. The indexes of power and cadence were selected to be analyzed. In the anaerobic power tests of 15 seconds, the maximum power and mean power of applying the workload of 10% bodyweight were the highest in the three ratios, and the maximum power of 10% was significantly different from that of 11%. In the anaerobic power tests of 30 seconds, the mean power of applying the workload of 11% bodyweight was higher by 1.81% and 12. 66% than the ratios of 10% and 9% respectively. And there was a very significant difference between the ratios of 11% and 9%. Moreover, concerning the mean power of three 10sec subsections of 30sec anaerobic power tests, the ratio of 11% was the highest. The mean power of the last two 10sec subsections had a very significant difference. The author concludes that 10% is the proper ratio for cyclists to exert the phosphate metabolic capacity in the 15sec anaerobic power test and 11% is the proper ratio for cyclists to erert glycolytic energy supplying capacity in the 30sec anaerobic power test.