上海某化工区土壤重金属污染情况的调查与评价

以上海某化工区周边土壤为研究对象, 研究了土壤重金属污染特征, 对土壤样品中Ag, As, Be, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Se, Sb, Tl, Zn 和Hg 共13 种金属的空间分异结构进行了分析, 并利用单因子指数法和内梅罗综合指数法评价了土壤重金属的污染程度. 结果表明, 土壤样品中Ag, As, Be, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Se, Sb, Tl, Zn和Hg的平均含量分别为0.10, 10.20, 2.50, 0.60, 93.00, 78.00, 33.80, 14.90, 1.00, 3.45, 0.40, 124.00, 0.19 mg/kg. 以展览会用地A 级标准为评价标准, 土壤样品中Cu, Zn, Cd 的超标率较高, 分别占样品总数的12.20%, 8.16% 和8.16%; Cr, Ni, Sb, Hg的超标率在4.08%~6.12% 之间. 采用立体分层方式采集样品, 分析结果表明, 表层和中层土壤受到的金属污染比较严重, 但随着采样深度的增加, 土壤重金属浓度有不断降低的趋势. 对土壤重金属元素间的相关性进行了研究, 表明重金属污染来源具有同源性, 或者区域土壤中存在复合污染.

Investigation of heavy metal pollution in soil around chemical industrial area in Shanghai

The pollution status and potential ecological risks of heavy metal in soil around chemical industrial area in Shanghai were studied. Spatial variation structures of 13 heavy metals (Ag, As, Be, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Se, Sb, Tl, Zn and Hg) in the soil were analyzed. Single and composite pollution indices were used to evaluate heavy metal pollution in soil. The results showed that average concentrations of Ag, As, Be, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Se, Sb, Tl, Zn and Hg were 0.10, 10.20, 2.50, 0.60, 93.00, 78.00, 33.80, 14.90, 1.00, 3.45, 0.40, 124.00, 0.19 mg/kg, respectively. According to the Grade A Standard of Soil Quality Assessment for Exhibition Sites, the over-limit rates of Cu, Zn and Cd were 12.20%, 8.16%, and 8.16%, respectively. The over-limit rates of Cr, Ni, Sb and Hg were between 4.08% and 6.12%. Pollution in the surface and medium-layer soil in this area was more serious. The heavy metals’ concentration decreased with the increase of sampling depth at some monitored sites. With the study of correlation between soil heavy metal elements, it showed that the homology of heavy metal pollution and combined pollution in the soil.