真空绝热板芯材研究进展

 真空绝热板（VIP）具有10 倍于传统绝热材料的优异绝热性能，是目前“冷藏、冷冻、保温”最先进、最高效的保温、隔热材料，可应用于建筑、白色家电和航空航天等领域。芯材是VIP 的骨架材料，决定着VIP 的绝热性能，为VIP 的长期服役提供了保障。本文介绍芯材的功能和分类，探讨不同应用领域的VIP 芯材的使用原则，比较传统的颗粒型芯材、泡沫型芯材和纤维型芯材的性质及特点。提出一种隔热纤维与隔热颗粒混杂复合芯材，该芯材耐压、耐折、具有较低的回弹性，充分发挥了纤维与颗粒的优点，弥补了颗粒型芯材易溃散和纤维型芯材易回弹的缺点，是建筑外墙保温用VIP 的优选芯材。

Research Progress of Vacuum Insulation Panel Core Materials

In recent years, the technologies of the thermal insulation in our country are developed in a large extent; accompanied with researches and production capacities of novel thermal insulation materials. The vacuum insulation panel (VIP) enjoys an excellent thermal resistance, about 10 times higher than that of conventional insulators, and is now the most advanced thermal insulation and preservation material in refrigeration, freezing, and heat preservation areas, widely used in fields like buildings, household appliances and aerospace. The core material is the skeleton of the VIPs; it determines the thermal insulation properties of the VIPs and provides a guarantee for the long service life of the VIPs. This paper discusses the types and the functions of the core material, and the application requirements of the VIP core material. The differences in the properties and characteristics among traditional thermal insulation materials are compared, including the particle insulation materials, the foam insulation materials, and the fibrous insulation materials. A novel core material composed of fibers and different- sized particles is proposed. This kind of core material enjoys excellent compressive and bending resistances, and low elastic resilience. In addition, it has the advantages of both the fibrous insulation material and the particle insulation material,,to overcome the shortcomings of easy-collapsibility in the particle material and easy-resilience in the fibrous material, and becomes an optimizing core material for the VIPs in building up the exterior wall thermal insulation.