大熊猫的研究历史与进展

大熊猫的分类地位,自1869年以来,争论己愈百年,目前多数学者认为它与小熊猫应独属一类;形态学的研究,从宏观到微观,以1986年北京动物园等的专著告其大成;生态、生化和细胞遗传的研究,发表的论文近百篇,以1985年发表的《卧龙的大熊猫》一书在国内外最为系统;饲养繁殖、兽医与预防发表论文190余篇,五十余年先后有41家,曾饲养了240只大熊猫,其中有13处,共繁殖66胎,产仔100只,存活半岁以上的33只,现在国内外还约饲养有100只大熊猫.

ON THE DEVELOPMENT AND PROGRESS OF THE RESEARCH ON THE GIANT PANDA

The taxonomy of the giant panda has been a great controver- sial issue since its discovery in 1869.Up to now most scientists incline to think that the giant panda and the lesser panda belong in the bear or the racoon families. The morphology of the animal has been documented in about 100 papers.The Systimatic Anatomy of the Giant Panda published by Beijing Zoo in 1986 is a very important summary in this field. About 100 papers on the giant panda's ecology,physiology, biochemistry and cytogenetics have been published.The Giant pandas of Wolong(1985)presents valuable information. There are 190 articles on captive rearing,reproduction,ve- ternary sciences and prevention of diseases.For over 50 years about 240 giant pandas were or are still kept in zoos or facilities. Captive pandas in 13 places successfully bred 66 litters.In total 100 young were born,but only 33 of them lived longer than 6 mon- ths.Currently,about 100 giant pandas are kept in zoos in and outside China.