宗族的功能及其历史变迁

中国农村传统宗族具有组织、协调、教育和文化等诸方面的功能；宗族功能有正负两方面的双重社会效应，其功能的发挥受到诸多因素的制约；新中国成立后，宗族的功能经历了超强社会控制与单一权威格局下宗族功能的萎缩、社会转型与多种权威互动格局中宗族功能的复兴、工业化城市化进程加快背景下宗族功能向城市延伸的历史变迁；对宗族的功能要有正确的认识，在此基础上积极引导，使其与构建和谐社会的节奏合拍。

Clan's Function And Its Historical Changes

Chinese traditional clan has many functions, such as the organization, coordination, education and culture. The clan' function is both positive and negative which is controlled by many factors. After new China was founded, the clan's function went through various stages of development, and its historical changes arose, shrinking under the super strong social control and the single authority pattern; reviving in the social transition and the multiple authorities' interactive pattern; extending to city in the course of industrialization and urbanization. The clan's function must be recognized in right way, and be guided on this base. Therefore, the clan's function can coincide with establishing the harmonious society.