不同海拔区域内牦牛肠道菌群结构组成多样性研究

探索不同海拔牦牛肠道菌群结构组成，为不同海拔区域间牦牛的饲养交流提供帮助. 本研究随机采集海拔2 897~4 717 m的12头牦牛的新鲜粪便样本，用16s rDNA技术对样本宏基因组测定，比较分析高低海拔牦牛肠道菌群的OTU丰度差异，研究高低海拔区域的牦牛肠道微生物菌群结构组成. 结果显示，高海拔与低海拔地区牦牛肠道菌群在门、纲、目、科、属、种层面菌群结构组成不同. 高低海拔区域的牦牛肠道菌群有8个菌在属水平差异显著（P＜005）. 结果表明，高海拔与低海拔牦牛肠道菌群结构组成存在一定差异，低海拔地区牦牛肠道菌群OTU丰度比高海拔的更为丰富.

Study on diversity of structural composition of yaks intestinal flora at different altitudes

Exploring the structure composition of the intestinal microflora of yaks in different altitudes will be to provide help for the breeding and communication of yaks in different altitudes. In this study, fresh fecal samples of 12 yaks were randomly collected at an altitude of 2 897 to 4 717 m. Using 16S rDNA technology to determine the metagenome of samples, and the OTU abundance of intestinal microflora of yaks at high and low altitudes was compared and analyzed, and then the structural composition of the intestinal microflora of yaks at high and low altitudes also be studied. The results showed that the composition of the intestinal microflora of yak in the phylum, class, order, family, genus and species levels is different between high and low altitude areas. The intestinal flora of yak in high and low altitude areas had 8 bacteria that had significant differences at the genus level (P< 0.05). In conclusion, there were certain differences in the composition of the intestinal microflora of yaks at high and low altitudes, and the OTU abundances of intestinal microflora of yaks at low altitude displayed higher species richness than those in high altitude.