嗜麦芽糖寡养单胞菌H002对铀的生物吸附

为处理铀元素造成的大规模水体污染，本研究拟采取生物治理的策略，以微生物吸附的方法来达到去除铀污染的目的.本实验从142株具有辐射抗性的细菌分离物中，筛选并鉴定到一株对重金属铀具有高度耐受能力的菌株H002；经16s rRNA和生理生化鉴定，确定H002属于嗜麦芽糖寡养单胞菌(Stenotrophomonas maltophilia).通过不同参数条件下的吸附实验表明，该菌在TGY培养基中培养12 h的细胞，对铀的吸附量最大；其中细胞表面的羧基参与铀的吸附；此外，不同阴、阳离子和表面活性剂会影响H002细胞对铀的吸附，其中十二烷基硫酸钠(Sodium dodecyl sulfate)可以促进对铀的吸附，而高浓度CO22-和HCO3-离子则抑制铀的吸附.本研究最终得到了一株具有铀耐受能力并能吸附铀的菌株H002，具有作为清除铀污染生物材料的潜力.

Biosorption of uranium by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia H002

In order to deal with the large-scale water pollution caused by uranium, a strategy of biological treatment, and a method of microbial adsorption is used to achieve the purpose of removing uranium pollution in this research. In this study, a strain H002 with high tolerance to heavy metal uranium was selected from 142 isolates of radiation-resistant bacteria, which can stably tolerate up to 150 mg/L U (VI). After 16s rRNA, physiological and biochemical identification, it was determined the H002 belonged to Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. Adsorption experiments under different parameters showed that the maximum adsorption capacity of uranium by H002 cells reached 240 mg/g (dry weight cells) when the cells were collected from 12 h culture in TGY. The carboxyl group on the cell surface was shown to contribute to uranium adsorption by H002. In addition, different anions, cations and surfactants could affect the adsorption of uranium by H002 cells. Among them, sodium dodecyl sulfate could promote the adsorption of uranium, while high concentrations of CO32- and HCO3- ions inhibited adsorption. This study finally obtained a Stenotrophomonas maltophilia H002 that can tolerate and adsorb uranium, which has the potential to be a biological material for clearing uranium pollution.