垃圾渗滤液处理系统中微生物群落结构变化研究

采用基于PCR的变性梯度凝胶电泳(PCR-DGGE) 和 real-time PCR 方法, 分析了深圳市某垃圾渗滤液处理系统中总细菌和硝化细菌的生物量及群落结构变化, 探究生物量与水质变化间的关系及环境因素对微生物群落结构的影响。结果表明, 该垃圾渗滤液处理系统具有很好的氨氮和总有机碳(TOC) 去除效果, 总去除率分别为 99.9% 和 91.4% 。在垃圾渗滤液处理系统中, 总细菌、氨氧化菌(AOB) 、亚硝酸盐氧化菌(NOB) 的生物量与 TOC 及氨氮浓度没有显著相关性(p > 0. 05); 溶解氧不影响AOB 生物量, 但明显影响NOB 生物量。微生物群落结构及多维尺度(DMS) 分析表明:在该废水处理系统中, DO浓度对总细菌和 NOB 微生物群落结构有重要影响; 而氨氮浓度是影响 AOB 群落结构的关键因素。

Variation of Microbial Community Structures in Landfill Leachate Treatment System

To disclose the mechanism of N-removal in a full-scale landfill leachate treatment system (Shenzhen), community structure of total bacteria and nitrifier in this system were explored by PCR-DGGE and real-time PCR. The influence of environmental factors on microbial community structure was analyzed. The results show that 91. 4% of TOC and 99. 9% of NH⁺_4-N were removed during the whole process. The quantitative assay show that the numbers of total bacteria,AOB, and NOB had no significant relationship with the concentrations of TOC and ammonia (p > 0. 05). Dissolved oxygen (DO) had no effect on the number of AOB, but had great influence on the number of NOB. Microbial community structure and DMS analysis show that the DO concentration affected the community structure of total bacteria and NOB, while ammonia concentration determined the community structure of AOB.