原子核的裂变、衰变与核群子结构参数间关系

在原子核结构理论中核素的裂变、放射性同位素的 β⁺、β^-等衰变机理的研究占很重要的地位。到目前为止 ,没有一完整的理论来解释各种现象 ,如对称、不对称裂变等。从核素的群子结构出发首次研究了₉₂²³⁵U₁₄₃、²³²₉₀Th₁₄₂ 、²⁰⁹₈₃Bi₁₂₆ 裂变机制。其中₉₂²³⁵U₁₄₃在一个热中子的冲击下发生不对称裂变,其根源在于核群子结构的剧变,(PB)₄₁(PB₂ ) _51－^B(P₂ B₃)₄₀ ^*(PB₂ ) ₁₂ 有密切关系;²³²₉₀Th₁₄₂ 在α粒子冲击下也发生不对称裂变,其原因同样可用原子核群子结构的不对称性加以解释。至于²⁰⁹₈₃Bi₁₂₆ 在α粒子冲击下发生对称裂变, 是与核素中出现比较单一的激活态群子结构有密切关系。还详细考察了各种放射性元素发生 β⁺、β^-衰变与核群子结构之间的关系, 进一步证实了核群子结构的存在同样是这些衰变的根源。

Relationship between nuclei decay, disintegration and nuclei sub-cluster parameter

The study on the mechanism of species decay and radioactive isotope β⁺、β^-disintegration is very important in atomic nuclei st ructure theory. This paper firstly the decaying mechanism of ₉₂²³⁵U_143,²³²₉₀Th₁₄₂ and ²⁰⁹₈₃Bi₁₂₆ according to sub-cluster st ructure of there species. Asymmetic fissions occurs with ₉₂²³⁵U₁₄₃ under the lomlardment of one thermal neut ron. Original f rom coexiting of two kinds of entirely different quantity sub2cluster st ructure in nuclei sub2cluster st ructure :(PB) 41 (PB2) 51B(P2B3) 340 (PB2) 12　(P2B3) 20 (PB2) 12(P2B3) 20Th232 　　90 　142asymmet ric fission occurs with ²³²₉₀Th₁₄₂ similarly. The reason can be explained by the asymmet ry of nuclei sub2cluster st ructure. As far as ²⁰⁹₈₃Bi₁₂₆ occurs symmet rical fission under the lomlandment ofαparticles. It is becausethe quantity of the two kinds of sub-cluster st ructural cell in species. This paper studied the relationship between all kinds of radioactive element s which can occur β⁺,β^-disintegration and nuclei sub-cluster st ructure , and verified that the existing of nuclei sub-cluster st ructure is the reason of these disintegration.