南海深水井下采注技术挑战与对策

南海油气资源储量丰富,开发过程中面临着油气田开发向着水更深、离岸更远、环境更复杂的方向发展。因采用水下采油树方式进行开采,钻完井成本高,为提高采油采气经济效益,单井的生产要达到采液量4000-8000m3/d,或采气量100×10_⁴-300×10_⁴ Nm_³/d ,还需要具有一定的举升和远输能力,满足水下井口压力20MPa以上。目前深水注采技术全部为国外公司垄断的“卡脖子”技术和工具,为提高我国深水油气田开发技术水平,实现深水油气田人工举升技术的跨越式发展,结合十余年来在中国海上油田注采技术攻关和实践,针对南海深水油田未来高产高效采油、采气、注水开发方面面临的挑战,提出开发拥护有自主知识产权的大排量深井电潜泵、高压注气阀、井下气体压缩机、智能控制开关等工具攻关方及深水人才队伍及实验能力建设等对策建议。

Challenges and Countermeasures of deep-water downhole production and injection technology in the South China Sea

The South China Sea is rich in oil and gas resources. In the process of development, the development of oil and gas fields is facing the direction of deeper water, farther offshore and more complex environment. Due to the high cost of drilling and completion due to the use of underwater Christmas tree, in order to improve the economic benefits of oil and gas production, the production of a single well should reach the liquid production volume of 4000-8000m_³ / D, or the gas production volume of 100 × 10_⁴-300 × 10_⁴ Nm_³ / D, it also needs to have a certain lifting and remote transmission capacity to meet the underwater wellhead pressure of more than 20MPa. At present, all deep-water injection and production technologies are "neck" technologies and tools monopolized by foreign companies. In order to improve the technical level of deep-water oil and gas field development in China and realize the great leap forward development of artificial lifting technology of deep-water oil and gas fields, combined with the key problems and practice of injection and production technology in China"s offshore oil fields in more than ten years, in view of the challenges faced by high-yield and efficient oil production, gas production and water injection development in Nanhai deep-water oil fields in the future, Put forward countermeasures and suggestions for developing and supporting tools such as large displacement deep well electric submersible pump, high-pressure gas injection valve, underground gas compressor and intelligent control switch with independent intellectual property rights, as well as the construction of deep-water talent team and experimental capacity.