典型锑矿区周边农作物中重金属污染特征及健康风险评价

湖南锡矿山锑矿区周边水土污染已受到广泛关注,但农作物中重金属污染状况则很少关注。为此,本文系统采集了47组不同类型的农作物样品,运用单因子污染指数法、内梅罗综合污染指数开展了重金属(Cu、Pb、Zn、Cr、Cd、As、Sb、Hg)污染评价,并进行了健康风险评估。结果表明,矿区内农作物重金属元素除Cu、Cd外超标率均在80%以上,Pb超标率为100%；四种类型农作物均为重度污染,污染程度由高到低依次为叶菜类>谷类>蔬菜类>豆类。健康风险评价结果显示,儿童通过饮食摄入重金属的风险高于成人,四种类型农作物的摄入重金属健康风险由高到低依次为：叶菜类>谷类>蔬菜类>豆类。该成果为全面掌握湖南某典型锑矿区周边农产品中重金属污染状况,为锑矿区农田安全利用提供科学依据。

Characteristics of Heavy Metal Contamination in Agricultural Crops around a Typical Antimony Mining Area and Evaluation of Health Risks

Soil and water pollution around the antimony mining area in the XIkuangshan of Hunan has received widespread attention. However, there was a lack of concern about heavy metal contamination in crops. In this paper, 47 groups of different types of crop samples were systematically collected, and the pollution evaluation of heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr, Cd, As, Sb and Hg) was carried out using the single-factor pollution index method and the Nemero integrated pollution index, and health risk assessment was also carried out. The results showed that the excess rate of heavy metal elements in crops in the mine area was above 80% except for Cu and Cd, and 100% for Pb. All four types of crops were heavily contaminated, with the degree of contamination in descending order of Leafy vegetables > Cereals > Vegetables > Legumes. The results of the health risk evaluation showed that the risk of heavy metal intake by children through diet was higher than that of adults, and the health risk of heavy metal intake for the four types of crops was in descending order: Leafy vegetables > Cereals > Vegetables > Legumes. The results provide a scientific basis for a comprehensive understanding of heavy metal contamination in agriculturalproducts around a typical antimony mining area in Hunan, and for the safe use of agricultural land in antimony mining areas.