一种用于NS-3仿真的电池模型及其数值解法

为了解决网络模拟器NS-3不能对无线传感器网络节点的电池信息做出准确仿真的问题,吸收LiIon电池模型和KiBaM电池模型各自的优点,采用LiIon电池模型的方法计算KiBaM电池模型中有效电荷井的输出电压,得到能够体现电池的速率容量效应和自恢复效应、能够反映输出电压随剩余电量降低而降低的KiBaM-LiIon电池模型,并对模型中无法获得解析解的微分方程组求解,基于隐式Runge-Kutta方法,提出了易于编程实现的数值解法。仿真和实验的结果表明,模型及其数值解法能够在NS-3中对电池使用过程中任何时刻的电压、剩余电量等作出准确预测,且具备计算复杂度低的优点。所提出的电池模型及其数值解法不仅适用于NS-3,同样也适用于其他网络模拟器,可为无线传感器网络和移动Ad-hoc网络的研发提供参考。

A battery model and its numerical method for the network simulator 3 (NS-3)

In order to solve the problem that the network simulator 3 (NS-3) cannot accurately simulate the battery information of the wireless sensor network (WSN) node, the LiIon battery model is used to calculate the output voltage of the available charge well (ACW) of the KiBaM battery model by combining the advantages of the LiIon battery model and the KiBaM battery model, then a KiBaM-LiIon battery model that can reflect the rate capacity effect and recovery effect of the battery, as well as the decrease of the output voltage with the decrease of remaining charge is proposed. For solving the ordinary differential equations without analytical solution in the model, an easy programming numerical solution based on the implicit Runge-Kutta method is proposed. Simulations and experiments show that the proposed model and its numerical solution can accurately predict the voltage and remaining charge at any time during battery use in NS-3, and have the advantage of low computational complexity. The proposed battery model and proposed numerical solution are not only applicable to NS-3, but also to other network simulators, which provides good technical support and guarantee for the research and development of WSN and mobile Ad-hoc networks (MANET).