两种晶化方法制备SnO2纳米粉体的比较及表征

以SnCl₄·5H₂O为源物质，氨水为沉淀剂，将采用化学沉淀过程制备得到的前驱体分别采用水热晶化和焙烧晶化两种方法晶化，在不同晶化温度下制备得到SnO₂纳米粉体。研究了晶化方式和晶化温度对产品的结构、组成、形貌及分散性能的影响。用X 射线衍射（XRD）、X射线能谱（EDS）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）和激光粒度分析等方法表征了产品的性能。结果表明，两种晶化方法制备得到的产品均为结晶状态完好的四方金红石型、纯度较高的SnO₂纳米粉体，粉体的晶粒尺寸随着晶化温度的升高逐步增大，随粒径的增大产品的分散性得到较好的改善。与焙烧晶化相比，水热晶化制备得到的样品粒径较小，样品的氧空位浓度较高，粉体粒径的均匀性较好，粒度分布范围较窄。

Comparison and characterization of SnO2 nanoparticles prepared by two crystallization methods

SnO₂ anoparticles have been successfully synthesized, by two crystallization methods (hydrothermal crystallization method and calcining crystallization method) at different crystallization temperatures, from Sn(OH)₄urry which were got through chemical precipitation of Tin(Ⅳ) chloride pentahydrate (SnCl₄·5H₂O) using aqueous ammonia as a precipitating agent. The influences of crystallization method and crystallization temperature on the surface morphology, structural properties and dispersing performance of SnO₂ nanoparticles were investigated by XRD, EDS, TEM, the laser particle size analyzer. The results showed that SnO₂ crystallites with tetragonal rutile structure and super purity were obtained by two crystallization methods. The particle size of crystal grain increased with the increase of crystallization temperature, and the dispersity of the particles was improved obviously as the particle size increased. Compared with the samples prepared by calcining crystallization method, the samples synthesized by hydrothermal crystallization method were smaller in particle size with higher oxygen vacancies and more narrow size distribution. 