择校纠纷的制度经济学分析

“择校热”作为人们对高质量教育需求不满足的集中反映，既是对就近入学政策的严峻挑战，也是教育普及发展过程出现的必然趋势。随之而来的择校纠纷日益增多，迫切需要我们解决与择校有关的问题。本文从分析择校纠纷产生的原因即缺乏契约约束和教育制度非均衡的存在人手，进而寻求相关对策，一方面用契约约束择校行为，另一方面增加制度供给，即从法律上赋予择校费畲法地位，对择校退费问题作出规定，明确界定择校费性质及建立监督和公示制度来满足目前教育制度需求，实现教育制度均衡，最终妥善解决择校纠纷。

Analysis of the Disputes of School Selection from the Perspective of Institutional Economics

The paper analyzes the causes of the school-selecting disputes and tries to look for related countermeasures to solve the problem. It hold that the school-selecting behavior should be restricted by a contract and policies should be given to make legal the school-selecting fee. The quality of school-selecting fee should be defined and supervision system should be set up to meet the needs of education and to achieve the balance in the system.