功能性体能训练对青少年艺术体操运动员专项素质的影响

为探索功能性训练对艺术体操运动员专项身体素质的影响,采用实验法,将24名10～11岁有3年及以上训练背景的艺术体操运动员随机分为实验组与对照组,每组各12人,实验组在传统体能训练中加入功能性体能训练,对照组进行传统体能训练,干预实验为期30天,每天2 h.测试指标为专项素质指标(柔韧素质、静力性力量素质、快速力量素质与耐力素质).研究显示:实验组青少年艺术体操运动员干预后专项素质总分、静力性力量素质(右后控制、左侧控制)、快速力量素质(俯卧两头起过绳、右前踢、右侧踢、左前踢、左侧踢、快速力量素质总分)得分显著高于对照组干预后数据,差异有统计学意义(p0.05或p0.01).认为功能性训练可在短时间内有效提高青少年艺术体操运动员的专项身体素质,主要表现为能够有效提高肌肉快速收缩能力,促进身体各环节、各肌肉的协调应用.

The Effect of Functional Physical Training on Special Quality of Youngster Rhythmic Gymnasts

Experimental methods have been used in this paper to divide 24 rhythmic gymnasts randomly with 10 years and above training background of 3 years and above into 12 groups of experimental group and control group. Functional physical ability has been added in traditional physical training. The training and the control group have been trained in traditional physical fitness. The intervention experiment has lasted for 30 days and was 2 hours a day. The test indicators are special quality indicators (flexible quality, static strength, rapid strength and endurance). Results show that the experimental group adolescent rhythmic gymnastics athletes after the intervention of total quality score, static strength (right rear control, left side control), fast power quality (prone on both sides of the rope, right front kick, right kick, the scores of left front kick, left kick, and fast strength scores) were compared with those of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.05 or p<0.01). It is concluded that functional training can effectively improve the physical fitness of young rhythmic gymnasts, and the main manifestations are the increases of muscle rapid contraction ability and the promotion on coordination of use of the body links andmuscles.