孟德斯鸠的社会历史观简论

孟德斯鸠在《论法的精神》中表述了他的社会历史观。在分析社会历史现象时，他既依据某些根本原则，又本着尊重事实的态度，虽然有时这两的结合不是太好；他注重事物之间的多种联系，主张采用综合分析的方法看待社会现象，但他又提出地理决定论，而与上述方法相悖；他的基本原则或立场是坚持和维护人的自由、平等和个体价值。此外，关于人的自然状态的思想也是其社会历史观的一个基本内容。

A Brief Commentary on Montesqieu' s Concept of Social History

in his on the spirit of law,Montesqieu expounds his concept of social history. his analysis of social historical phenomena is not only based on certain basic principles but also on an attitude of valuing facts,though such a combination is not always successful.he attaches importance to the various connection between matters and maintain that synthesis-analytical method be adopted to regard social phenomena. however,he also provides an opposite measure,geographical determinism. his basic principle or stand is to maintain human freedom, equality and individual value.;in addition,ideas about man's natural state is also one basic content of his concept of social history.