福建省区试籼型杂交稻稻米品质的分析与评价

按照农业行业标准NY/T593-2002,对2003-2005年福建水稻品种区域试验的282份籼型杂交稻新品种的11项稻米品质指标进行了分析和评价.结果表明:3年3种稻作类型杂交稻稻米的糙米率、精米率、粒长、碱消值、胶稠度、直链淀粉含量和蛋白质含量的差异较小,而整精米率、垩白粒率、垩白度和透明度的差异较大,相应性状的变异系数表现趋势较为一致.以5项评价指标的优质达标率综合评定的优质达标率仅为2.78%～16.12%,尤以早籼杂交稻表现最差.中籼和晚籼杂交稻优质达标率年度间提高较快,2005年比2003年分别提高了34.33%和15.57%.根据福建省稻米品质现状,我省稻米品质改良应以降低垩白粒率和垩白度,提高整精米率,兼顾其它品质指标为主要目标.

Analysis and Appraisal on Quality Traits of Indica Hybrid Rice in Fujian

According to the agriculture industry standard NY/T593-2002,eleven quality traits of milled rice of 282 indica hybrid rice varieties involved early-season,mid-season and late-season collected from Fujian regional test of cultivars from 2003 to 2005 were analyzed and appraised.The results showed that from 2003 to 2005,the three types of indica hybrid rice showed little difference in rate of brown rice,rate of milling rice,grain length,alkali value,gel constency,amylase content and protein content.While the significant dif- ference was detected in quality traits,such as percentage of head milled rice,percentage of chalky rice,de- gree of chalkiness and translucency.The coefficient variation of the corresponding traits showed the similar trend.The fine qualified rate of colligation appraisal only varied from 2.78% to 16.12%,especially early- season indica hybrid rice had the lowest value.Besides,the quality characteristics of high-quality hybrid rice and main strategy of rice breeding for high quality was proposed as the decrease in percentage of chalky rice and degree of chalkiness,the increase in percentage of head milled rice and simultaneous consideration to other quality traits indices.