基于联邦学习的新冠肺炎疫情跨区域智慧防控技术——以上海市实践为例

 新冠肺炎病毒不断变异的毒株的系列新特征，给传统的传染病防控方法与公共卫生防控体系带来了巨大的挑战。充分发挥数字技术在抗疫过程中的关键赋能价值，全面构建精准的常态化监测预警及智慧防控体系，系应对上述挑战的有效途径。通过对疫情智慧防控体系构成要素的剖析，揭示联邦学习对建立跨区域、跨部门的智慧疫情防控体系的关键路径作用。并基于跨区域涉疫数据分类及防控工作要点，研究设计了基于联邦学习的跨区域疫情智慧防控技术及其平台应用。该应用已在上海市以及长三角区域的抗疫实践中取得了显著成效。

Cross-region smart COVID-19 pandemic management and control based on federated learning: With Shanghai as an example

SARS-CoV-2 and its variants, the viruses that cause the COVID-19 pandemic, have some new characteristics, such as the high transmissibility, the long incubation period, the sweeping susceptible population, and the high environmental endurance, so a key question of the pandemic management and control is monitoring the asymptomatic transmission in daily life and socioeconomic activities, especially, the wide-range of cross-region spread. These features pose a great challenge to the traditional pandemic management and control methods and the global public health surveillance and control system. An effective way to tackle this challenge is making full use of the digital technology in the pandemic management and control, and building an accurate regular epidemiological surveillance and smart pandemic management and control system. By analyzing the essential factors of a smart pandemic management and control system, the critical role of the federated learning in the practice of the cross-region and cross-department smart pandemic management and control is shown. According to the classifications of the cross-region pandemic-related data and the pandemic management and control requirements, the technology and the application of the cross-region smart pandemic management and control based on the federated learning are explored. This method is successfully applied in the COVID-19 pandemic management and control in Shanghai and Yangtze River Delta, providing a new pathway for the integrated decision-making and targeted pandemic management and control in China. This method is also instrumental for other countries in the pandemic management and control.