多波束声纳水柱影像探测中底层水域目标的研究进展

介绍了利用多波束声纳水柱影像探测中底层水域目标的研究现状,以实例说明了多波束声纳水柱影像的典型应用,展望了其应用前景.多波束水柱影像携带了波束从换能器到海底的完整信息,可用于探测从海面至海底的声照射目标,包括探测航道障碍物、水雷和海底突起物等海底民用军事目标,检视水下工程,也可探测鱼群、海洋内波、羽状气流等中底层水域固体或非固体目标.通过改变波束照射方式,多波束声纳可兼作扇扫声纳,还可进行动态目标的探测与跟踪.多波束声纳水柱影像在水下目标探测中应用广泛,多波束声纳技术也发展迅速,典型特征是波束数增多、波束角减小、覆盖角度扩大、信号带宽增加、硬件体积缩小.高精度、高分辨率、三维立体测深成像将是未来多波束声纳的发展方向.未来多波束声纳技术将集成侧扫声纳、合成孔径声纳、扇扫声纳等多种水下声学成像工具于一体,其应用领域也将进一步拓展.

Progress in Object Detection in Middle and Bottom-water Based on Multibeam Water Column Image

This paper introduces the research status of underwater object detection by multibeam sonar based on water column image （WCI） data and illustrated the high value of WCI data in its application prospect. Multibeam sonar WCI carries total information from the transducer to seafloor, providing hydrographers with significant advantages in their quality control. The wide use of muhibeam data includes varieties of detection and checking tasks in both the seafloor and mid water on hydrographic obstacle, mine, protruding feature, underwater project, fish school, inter- nal wave, and gas plume. Many multibeam sonars can serve the function of sector scan sonar when the direction of beam transmitting is forward to detect and track dynamic objects. The prospective application of multibeam sonar WCI is also related here, namely, the side scan sonar, synthetic aperture sonar and sector scan sonar are expected to be integrated into the synthetic function of multibeam sonar to achieve high precision, high resolution and 3D imagingin bathymetry.