尿路结石的超微结构分析

本文通过扫描电镜对尿路结石的超微结构进行观察,对尿路结石的形态、结构及形成原因进行了探讨。认为尿路结石是由多种晶体和基质构成的混合性结石;各种晶体在析出沉淀过程中相互作用,相互影响,促进了结石形成;各类结石的形成均不同程度受尿液中酸碱度及自身饱和度的影响;尿路感染是磷酸镁铵,磷灰石结石沉淀析出的主要原因;尿液中其他盐类晶体的存在是草酸钙结石形成的重要因素;过饱和的酸性尿液是尿酸结石形成的决定因素;胱氨酸结石为遗传性胱氨酸代谢紊乱引起;基质在起始阶段未起主导作用,但在结石核心形成后,起着促进结石生长的作用。

ANALYSIS OF UROLITH ULTRASTRUCTURE

The ultrastructure of urolity is observed with a scanning electron micro-scope. The morphology, structure, and the meckanism of its formation are in-vestigated. It is believed that urolith is mainly composed of various types ofcrystals and matrices. During the process of precipitation, each kind of crystalmay affect the other and thus the formation of urolith is promoted. The for-mation of different kinds of urolithes can be in varying degree affected byurinary acidity, alkalinity and its saturation. Urinary proteus contamination isthe main cause for the crystallization of magnesium ammonium-phosphate andapatite. The presence of other kinds of crystalline salts in urine plays animportant role for the formation of crystallization of calcium oxslate. Theoversaturation of acid in urine is the decisive factor in the formation of uricacid crystal. The formation of systine crystal is mostly due to hereditarysystino metabolism disorder. Matrices do not play a dominant role in the be-ginning period of the urolith formation, but they will quicken its growthafter the core has formed.