燃料电池公交车电源配置生命周期评价优化

在设计燃料电池公交车电源配置方案时,普遍只考虑行驶过程中的动力性和燃料经济性,忽略了车辆其余各阶段对设计方案的影响,针对这一情况,基于生命周期评价理论,分析了燃料电池公交车全生命周期内各阶段的能耗与排放,建立了其生命周期评价模型.在中国典型城市公交循环工况下,通过生命周期评价模型分析得出,在一定的条件下燃料电池公交车的电源配置存在最优解,并利用遗传算法得到最优电源配置方案.对于所分析的样车,在最优电源配置下其生命周期能耗与排放比纯电动公交车分别降低了24.86%和25.76%,比使用大功率燃料电池系统的燃料电池公交车分别降低了12.11%和6.51%.

Optimal Configuration of Power Source for the Fuel Cell Bus Based on Life cycle Energy Consumption and Emissions

When designing the power source configuration of fuel cell bus, only the power and fuel economy during the driving process were considered, and the impact of the other stages of the vehicle was ignored. In view of this situation, the energy consumption and emissions of fuel cell bus in all life cycle stages were analyzed based on the LCA (Life Cycle Assessment) theory, and a LCA model of fuel cell bus was established. By analyzing the life cycle energy consumption and emissions with Chinese urban bus driving cycle, the results showed that the power source configuration of fuel cell bus could be optimized. The optimal scheme of power source configuration was obtained by using genetic algorithm. The life cycle energy consumption and emissions of the fuel cell bus with optimal power source configuration were lower than those of the battery electric bus by, respectively, 24.86% and 25.76%, and were lower than those of the fuel cell bus with high power fuel cell system by 12.11% and 6.51%, respectively.