从人性观的变化看心理咨询与治疗的转向

人性观是对人的基本看法和哲学假设,是心理咨询与治疗的基石。心理学的历史表明,对人性看法的逐渐改变带来了心理咨询与治疗技术的不断发展。不同的心理咨询与治疗流派基于不同的人性观,形成了各具特色的心理咨询与治疗的理论模式。从各流派所持的人性观的不同可以洞悉心理咨询与治疗的发展和转向:从“物化”到“人化”;从主体到存在;从现代到后现代;从一元文化到多元文化。

Shifts of Counseling and Psychotherapy from the Horizon of the View of Humanity

The view of humanity is the basic viewpoint and philosophical hypothesis about human,the key to counseling and psychotherapy.The history of psychology shows that changeable view of humanity brings on evolution of counseling and psychotherapy.Different counseling and psychotherapy schools have formed the theory modes of counseling and psychotherapy with characteristics on the basis of different human nature views.The different views about human that counseling and psychotherapy schools hold reveal the developments and shifts of counseling and psychotherapy:from materialization to humanization,from subject to existence,from modern to post-modern,from singular culture to multi-culture.