应用PCR－SSCP银染技术检测消化系统肿瘤的P53基因突变

应用ＰＣＲ－ＳＳＣＰ银染技术，初步研究了肝细胞癌、胃癌和大肠癌中Ｐ５３基因的第６和第７外显子的分子结构改变。对来自癌组织ＤＮＡ和正常组织ＤＮＡ的ＰＣＲ－ＳＳＣＰ电泳带迁移作对比分析，发现３０例肝癌病人中，６例肝癌样品电泳带迁移异常；２６例胃癌病人中，４例胃癌样品电泳带迁移异常；２９例大肠癌病人中，６例大肠癌样品电泳带迁移异常。依据ＤＮＡ单链构象与分子电泳迁移的关系，研究结果表明：该三组病人中，Ｐ５３基因第６、７外显子的突变率分别为２０．０％，１５．４％和２５．０％。同时，也间接提示了Ｐ５３基因突变可能是肝细胞癌、胃癌和大肠癌中一种较多见的分子结构改变。

Mutation detection for P53 gene in tumors of the digestive system by a simplified PCR-SSCPand silver staining technique

he molecular structural changes of the P53 gene was analyzed by a simplified polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP)and silver staining technique in human hepatocellular carcinoma, gastric and colorectal cancer. Mobility of PCR amplification product from tumor tissue DNA was compared with that of para-cancer normal tissue DNA by PCR-SSCP in exon 6 and exon 7. Mobility shife were observed in 6 out of 30 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma,4 out of 26 cases of gastric cancer and 6 out of 29 cases of colorectal cancer. These data on relationship between mobility and single atrand con formation showed that the mutation rates in exon 6and exon 7 from these cancer cases in three group were 20. 0%, 15. 4% and 25. 0% respectively. It is suggested that mutation of P53 gene could be a frequent molecular structural change in hepatocellular carcinoma, gastric tumor and colorectal cancer.