生物质燃烧排放物研究进展

生物质燃烧是大气温室气体的主要来源之一,是空气污染的主要构成因素,其对区域大气化学成分和空气质量以及地气系统的辐射平衡产生直接影响进而影响气候变化。科学阐明生物质燃烧排放物是开展大气污染防治工作的基础,亦是制定防控污染天气应急预案的重要依据。笔者从4个方面阐述生物质燃烧排放物的研究进展:生物质燃烧排放物成分,排放源解析及排放模型,生物质燃烧排放特性及其对大气环境的影响,以及燃烧排放物的时空异质性及时空规律性。针对目前研究现状及存在问题,认为应进一步加强生物质燃烧排放物定量化研究,利用 “3S”集成技术、改进算法,注重尺度的转换以及对模型的优化研究; 加强生物质燃烧排放物对生态环境的影响机理研究,进而为大气污染防治工作及制定防控污染天气应急预案提供参考。

Review on emission from biomass combustion

Emissions from biomass combustion, which are a major source of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and major contributors to air pollution, have a direct effect on the regional atmospheric chemical composition and air quality as well as radiation balance of the earth-atmosphere system and consequently affect climate change. Understanding the emissions from biomass combustion is not only the basis for the prevention and control of atmospheric pollution, but also the fundamental principle for establishing emergency plans to prevent and control air pollution under severe weather conditions. In this paper, we have reviewed the research progress of emissions from biomass combustion and discussed the composition of the emissions, analysis of the emission sources and emission models, characteristics of the emissions and their effect on the atmospheric environment, and spatial-temporal heterogeneity and spatial-temporal regularity of the emissions. On the basis of the current research status and existing problems, quantitative research on biomass combustion emissions needs to be performed using “3S” integration technology to improve the algorithm and covert scales and hence optimize the models. Research on the influence of biomass combustion emissions on the ecological environment may provide a reference for preventing and controlling air pollution and drafting emergency plans for the prevention and control of air pollution under severe weather conditions.