《文心雕龙》中的诗歌批评

《心雕龙》中的诗歌批评自成理论体系,其一是《明诗》篇中对诗歌抒发情志的特征作了较为深入的探讨;其二是《情采》篇中强调诗的缘情审美特性,提出“为情造”,达到诗歌创作中情理并存、情志并重的状态;其三是《知音》篇中提出了较为完整的诗歌批评鉴定理论,对诗歌鉴赏的主体和客体诸方面因素作了细致的分析;其四是《神思》、《隐秀》篇中对诗歌意象的深入探索,指出诗歌的特点就在于意存象中、隐在秀中,主客观相通,物我交融等,这些都是刘勰对中国诗论的重大贡献。

Poetic criticism in "Wen Xin Diao Long"

The poetic criticism in the Chinese ancient literature essay WENXINDIAOLONG forms by itself a theoretic system.Firstly,it presents a comparatively profound exploration of emotion and idea expression characteristics of poems in Chapter of MINGSHI.Secondly,it reiterates in Chapter QINGCAI emotinally aesthetic characteristics of poems and proposes"making poem for emotion expression"so as to reach the status of coexistnce between emotion and ration and equal emphasis of emotion and ideal.Thirdly,it puts forward comparatively comprehensive poetic criticism and appreciation theory,giving meticulous analysis of various elements concerning poem appreciation of subject and object.Fourthly,it makes a thorough insight into poetic imagery in Chapters SHENSI,YINXIOU,etc.,pointing out that the characteristics of poem lie in the following:the idea exists in image and conceals itself in elegance,subject and object are linked together,and master and environment are melted in one.All these are great contributions which Liu Xie made to Chinese poetic theory.