塔里木盆地边缘绿洲带的历史变化与沙漠化的扩展

塔里木盆地周围的绿洲变化主要受自然因素和人为因素的影响.20世纪以前,干旱的气候等自然因素是导致绿洲和环境变迁的主要因素,决定着该区域环境的发展方向,但是作用速度较慢.研究表明:19世纪末到21世纪初的短短一百年来,人类活动对自然环境的影响越来越大,绿洲的沙漠化和自然环境退化的驱动力由自然因素主导逐渐转为人为因素主导.为了防御该区域现有绿洲进一步沙漠化及环境退化,应合理使用水土资源、合理开发优势资源、保护天然绿洲.

The Changes of Oasis Band and Expansion of Desertification Around the Tarim Basin

The Changes of the oasis around the Tarim Basin, mainly controlled by natural factors and hu-man factors,the arid climate is one of the most important factor of the natural factors and it is an driving force for environmental degradation and oasis changes. It determines the trend of environmental develop-ment, but more slowly. Before 1980, because human influence became slower on this progress, so arid cli-mate particularly became the main factor in environmental degradation and oasis changes. By the end of the 19th century to the beginning of the 21st century in a short span of 100 years, environmental changes expe-rienced the process that, from natural factors led changes to human factors led changes. According to the study, oasis desertification and environmental degradation in the study area, mainly related to the affection of natural factors and human factors. In conclusion, to defend the existing oasis from more desertification and degradation, it should economically use the water resources, rationally develop the dominant resources and protect the natural oasis.