小肠粘膜细胞铁吸收机制

缺铁性贫血和运动性低铁状态在运动员中发生率高于一般人群，运动员补铁效果不理想。寻求有效的补铁措施的关键问题是要阐明小肠粘膜上皮细胞究竟如何吸收铁，然而有关铁吸收的机制一直不清楚。近几年研究发现小肠粘膜上皮细胞存在DMT1、Dcytb、Fp1和Hp等铁转运蛋白TfR-1和TfR-2在隐窝细胞和绒毛细胞基底侧膜具有相对特异性分布。本根据这些发现以及对其转运机制、转运特性和调节机制的研究进展勾画出小肠粘膜上皮细胞铁吸收过程和调节机制模型。

Mechanisms of Iron Transport in Intestinal Mucous

Frequency of both iron deficient anemia and exercise-induced low iron status in the athletes is higher than that in general population. However, the effect of iron supplementation on iron status is questionable. The key to obtain the preventative and therapeutics efficiency is to elucidate how iron transports in intestinal mucous membrane, but the mechanisms of iron transport in intestine is unknown. In recent past years, iron transport protein such as DMT1 (Divalent Metal Transporter 1), Dcytb (duodenal cytochrome b), Fp1 (ferroportin 1) and Hp (Hephaestin) were found in epithelial cells of intestine, and transferring receptor-1 and transferring receptor-2 had their relative differential distribution in the basolateral membrane of the villous and crypt cell. Based on these findings of iron transport protein and the research progress of their transport mechanisms, this review gives a model of iron absorption and regulation.