用于地空通信的单轨小卫星组网轨道特性研究

提出了采用小卫星组网的方法来解决战斗机超视距通信问题。为实现某一局部区域的超视距通信保障，提出并设计了单轨道小卫星组网方案，多颗小卫星单轨道组网实现简单，只要数量足够多，就能够实现对局部区域的连续通信覆盖，满足对局部区域作战的超视距通信需要；研究了单颗小卫星的在不同高度时覆盖范围半径、覆盖区域与地心的夹角等特性；研究了小卫星组网时，在轨道高度为780 km，不同数量的小卫星组网通信宽度、相临小卫星覆盖范围的重叠宽度和夹角等特性。

Study of Orbit Characters of Single Obit Small Satellite Net Used in Ground-air Communication

Out-of-sight communication in ground-air communication is a difficult problem; especially the effective implement of the out-of-sight communication on fighters is more difficult. In order to implement ground-air out-of-light communication, a small single orbit satellite net is proposed. The orbit height of the small satellite is low, so both the communication link loss and the communication transmission time delay are smaller, thus, the requirement in quality for the antenna in fighters is decreased. In this way, it is possible to realize the direct communication between fighters and small satellites. Several satellites in one orbit grouping a net can realize continuous communication cover for parts of an area, so can satisfy the needs for the out of sight communication to parts of an area. The developing period for the small satellite is short, and the launching method of the small satellite is flexible. The orbit characters can also be designed according to the needs of the communication area. These characters of the small satellite accord with the military needs. In this paper, the orbit characters including the orbit height, the quantity of the small satellite, center departure rate, communication cover range, etc are studied.