BRT车站组停靠线路组合优化问题的建模、求解与仿真

针对国内外许多城市的BRT专用道仅有1个车道、车辆进站排队容易造成通道阻塞的情况, 首先以最小化排队概率为目标, 推导出车站组的停靠线路组合优化模型, 然后定义上游交叉口的累积效应系数以使模型适应车辆间歇性批量到站的情况, 随后针对模型的求解, 给出了一种n进制数编码的新的遗传算法. 算例以广州市某典型BRT车站组为例进行停靠线路配置优化, 并利用VISSIM软件对原始方案及优化方案进行多次仿真和对比, 结果表明所提出的方法能有效地缓解公交车辆的进站排队现象, 并降低泊位占有率, 减少停车次数和行程时间.

Modeling,solving and simulation for combinatorial optimization problem of bus stopping in BRT station-group

Queuing in the bus station often causes traffic jam owing to the fact that BRT system in many cities contains only one lane. In order to relieve this crunch, firstly, a combinatorial optimization model of bus stop in BRT station group was put forward to minimize the queuing probability, then by defining the intersection vehicle cumulative effect coefficient, the optimization model was improved to adapt to intermittent bus batch arrivals caused by the upstream intersection. Furthermore, a genetic algorithm with n-based number encoding was put forward to solve the optimization model. Finally, several bus stop optimization programs of a typical station group in Guangzhou BRT system were obtained in the example, and the simulated results of the original and the new programs from VISSIM software showed that the proposed method could reduce the queuing situation effectively, and decrease the berth occupation rate, bus stop times and travel time simultaneously.